Political System
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Turkish National Assembly -TBMM-
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Political institutions:
Turkey is a founding member of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization (BSEC). It is also a member of United Nations, NATO, the European Council, European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Islamic Conference Association, and an associate member of the European Union.
The highest judicial authority in Turkey is the Anayasa Mahkemesi (Constitutional Court). The executive branch is accountable to the Constitutional Court, which may also be called upon to review vetoed legislation. The legislative branch consists of the National Assembly. This body of 550 deputies, nationally elected by popular vote to serve a five-year term, develops legislation and elects the President, who serves for a seven-year term and has limited veto power.
The executive branch consists of the President, the Prime Minister, and the Council of Ministers. Consulting the popular vote, the President names the new Prime Minister, who leads the Council of Ministers. If the election is very close, a coalition government will be formed with Deputy Prime Ministers from the other strongly supported parties. Following the new Prime Minister's recommendation, the President also appoints the members of the Council of Ministers, who head the various governmental departments (such as the Ministry of Education).
All Turkish citizens of 18 and over have the right to vote, and register to do so with their local electoral offices. All citizens over 30 are eligible to run for office.
Consultation with the public by means of referendum may also occur in Turkey. The Constitution was updated and re-declared in 1982.
The general elections held on June 12, 2011 is resulted. AKP - Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (Justice and Development Party) won overwhelming victory became in a position to govern alone. CHP and MHP are the opposition parties in the Turkish National Assembly. The 550-member Assembly had 35 new independent MPs, 29 of which later formed BDP .
The reason of only three of fifteen parties entered into the elections is the vote threshold. According to Election Law any party drawing less than 10% of the national vote is excluded from Parliament and their votes discarded, regardless of the result in individual constituencies.
The following is the list of the parties/percentages/seats after the elections in June 2011.AKP - Justice and Development Party 49,83% - 327 seats
CHP - Republican People's Party 25,98% - 135 seats
MHP - Nationalist Action Party 13,01% - 53 seats
Independent 35 seats
As of July 22, 2012 the parties and seats at the National Assembly are:
AKP - Adalet Ve Kalkınma Partisi (Justice and Development Party): 326 seats
CHP - Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican People's Party Republican People's Party )135 seats
MHP - Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi (Nationalist Action Party )51 seats
BDP - Barış Ve Demokrasi Partisi (Peace and Democracy Party) 29 seats
KADEP - Katılımcı Demokrasi Partisi (Participatory Democracy Party) 1 seat
Independent 7 seats
The current President of the Republic is Abdullah G�l, the former Minister of Foreign Affairs.
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